International Financial Law Prof Blog
… arise out of a fraudulent scheme in which insiders of publicly-traded penny stock companies paid secret kickbacks to a purported corrupt hedge fund manager, who was in fact an undercover agent with the Federal Bureau of Investigation (“Fund Manager”), in exchange for the Fund Manager’s purchase of restricted stock of the penny stock companies on behalf of his purported hedge fund (“the Fund”), which did not actually exist. …
William Byrnes' Tax, Wealth, and Risk Intelligence 